Different types of equipment and their uses Essay

1.1 Identify different types of equipment and their uses. There is a wide range of office equipment that can be used to help in the work place. For example in a small office you could have – Equipment Its uses Computer The computer can be used on a daily basic to write emails, letters, complete research on the internet and to design leaflets or flyers. Telephone The telephone will be used to communicate with people internal and external. It can be used to information people of changes immediately. Printer/Scanner The printer/scanner may be connected to the computer to printer instant documents or the scanner to scan a document for filing. Fax Machine The fax machine can to use for internal communication in a large company or external communication for pasting on information/documents. Shredder A shredder can be used to shredder confidential documents or letters that are not longer needed in the office. Photocopier A photocopier can be used to printer of larger or small copies of a document, letter, leaflet or flyer. It can also print double sided copies. 1.2 Describe the different features of different types of office equipment. Different features on a computer are I can use the internet to research information about the task I need to compete or I can also use an emails on the internet, this helps me connected to different people and important information can be sent securely. I also use Microsoft programmes that

Meaning of Underworld in the Odyssey and Aeneid Essay

In both Odyssey and Aeneid the protagonists visit the Underworld and for both this is a turning point of their life and the turning point of the plot. For Odyssey the unusual travel marks his symbolic â€Å"cleansing† from blood he has shed at Troy and from anger of gods, making it possible for him to return to Ithaca. Before traveling to the Underworld Aeneas is an expellee, who strives â€Å"in vain against the seas and wind† (Aeneid, 5: 21). After the travel he is a father of the new glorious people. Both heroes receive new knowledge and rise to the higher level of personality. Visiting the world of the dead is important for Odyssey and Aeneas because it marks the choice of scenario for the future. For example, Aeneas’s fate as a leader of the newborn Roman people has been predetermined, yet to start walking this new way he has to go to the underworld. His father shows him many great souls who are to be reincarnated in future to become great Roman heroes, so future is predetermined not only by Aeneas’s effort, but by the spirit of those great heroes. In contrast, Odyssey enters the kingdom of the dead in search of his friend Tiresias whom he has to speak to in order to return to Ithaca. His travel is not so fateful for the people, but it is fateful for Odyssey himself. Aeneas is told to go to the Underworld in a dream by the spirit of his dead father. Odyssey also has a kind of dream on Circe’s island where he spends seven years thinking that only seven days have passed. But when Circe learns that Odyssey has no love for her, she nobly explains him that the only man who knows the way to Ithaca is Tiresias who can be found only in the afterworld. Odyssey is driven by â€Å"unhappy fate below the sunlight† (Odyssey 11:798-799), and his ultimate purpose is finding the way. He would perhaps never go to Hades, in case there was another way to Ithaca. He says that he â€Å"had to come down here to Hades’ home, to meet the he shade of Teiresias of Thebes, and hear his prophecy†. (Odyssey, 11: 199-201). In Hades he meets his mother of whom he did not know that she was dead. Her suicide and sorrowful events in Ithaca is a kind of punishment for Odyssey’s false pride. In contrast to Odyssey, Aeneas’s purpose is choosing the way. Meeting his father he symbolically passes through the golden gate to become a recognized ruler, and a tool of destiny that has chosen to make Aeneas’s people great. Homer describes the underworld as a dull place of suffering, where warriors who died in battle have to continue carrying their wounds. In fact, for Homer living after death is just a continuation of earthly vain. For example, when Odyssey meets Trojan heroes like Patroclus, they run away frightened, as if the struggle for Troy still went on. Odyssey’s dead friends the can only tell how they died and got to this dark kingdom. Homer has a gloomy idea of the underworld. Achilles says that he would rather be a living serf and a landless peasant than a King of the Dead. So Odyssey becomes aware of futility of war that sends heroes to this dark place. In contrast, Aeneas returns with the vision of the great future and he is now decisive to work hard for it. â€Å"Within the hero’s mind his joys renew’d† (Aeneid 5: 904) and so he eagerly sets sails for the new homeland.

Enforcing arbitration clauses in contracts Research Paper

Enforcing arbitration clauses in contracts - Research Paper Example Any subcontract entered into thereafter is subject to the initial contract on arbitration (Yale law journal 6). Under the American contract law, Parties are allowed to agree to arbitrate disputes arising from contracts entered as provided for in the Federal Arbitration Act 9 U. S.C. The Act pre-empts any state law which imposes special requirement on the enforceability of the arbitration. In the case of Oxford Health Plans v. Sutter, the plaintiff sued the defendant at the New Jersey state court for failure to make prompt payments. Oxford Health had entered into an agreement with Sutter that they shall have all their cases outside court. No civil action vis-Ã  -vis any dispute arising under this Agreement shall be instituted beforehand any court, and all such disagreements shall be submitted to final, ultimate and binding arbitration (Strong pg. 23). The court advocated for an arbitrator as per the contract. The arbitrator ruled that the case warrants a court hearing. Oxford sought to overturn the decision on grounds that the arbitrator had operated in excess of his authority. According to t he Arbitrator, the case was of material concern to all parties and warranted proper class hearings. When forwarded to the US Supreme Court, the court ruled that the arbitrator was within his jurisdiction to warrant a case hearing. Based on Stolt-Nielsen S, A v. Animal feeds int’l Corp case, the court ruled that the arbitrator could call for a class hearing if the matter were principle to the two parties and only proper legal channels could solve the case. The arbitrator can submit to class adjudication unless there is a contractual basis for ending the party agreed to do so (Harvard journal of law & gender). In this case, the arbitrator has not overdone his mandate to warrant a class hearing (Federal Arbitration Act). In a similar case, American Express Co. v. Italian Colors restaurants, the

Ex3 Music Assignment answer the questions Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Ex3 Music answer the questions - Assignment Example Sitar India idiophone it is a gourd Idiophone 13. Nay (Nai) Middle East Chordophone flute 14. Buk or Puk Korea Membranophone leather drums Short Essay 15. The only of Islam that uses music is the children’s songs. These are however considered secular though under the Islam religion. They are written in Arabic. 16. Tala is the term used to describe the rhythmic patterns of any composition and the whole subject of rhythm in the Indian classical music. A tala can also be termed as the regular repeating of a rhythmic phrase. The country that uses tala is India in classical music. 17. The three layers of Indian music are; 1. The melodic layer. This layer is made up by a melodic soloist and an accompanist. The voice is the main component of melody though other melodic instruments such as violin, vina, bansuri, nagasvaram and saxophone may be used. 2. A percussion layer. In this layer, a percussion instrument known as mridangam is used. This is double-headed drum. Tavil, tambourine, mouth trap and a clay pot are some other examples of percussion instruments that can be used to supplement mridangam. 3. The drone or scruti layer. This is the layer that is often played by specialized instruments such as tambura which is a four-stringed plucked instrument with a buzzing timber. 18. Vajrayana Buddhism is practised in India. It is considered the fifth and the final period of Indian Buddhism. 19. Some of the countries that form Zen Buddhism include; China, Vietnam, Korea and Japan. 20. The notable predecessors of Japanese Geisha were Saburuko, who had come into existence in the 17th century and the Shirabyoshi who emerged during the late Heian. 21. Nongak is a Korean folk music tradition that consists of drumming, dancing and singing. The performances are done outside, with tens of players, all in constant motion. It falls under the pungmul style of Korean music. 22. Slendro and pelog are the two oldest essential scales of gamelan music that are natives to Bali and Ja va in Indonesia. 23. King Bumibol of Thailand composes Jazz music. He is commonly referred to as â€Å"The Jazzy King†. 24. They believe that the Venus is the morning star that represents the spirits of their god Munyal that whispers to them how to dance and how to sing for each living thing. They listen to his instructions and they come as ideas. 25. Met allophone is any musical instrument in which the sound is produced by striking metal bars of varying pitches. Examples include Gangsa and Fangxiang. 26. The two Korean genres that were once Buddhist rituals are Jeongak and salpuri. Kathak dance is the Indian dance that is performed in theatres but used to be a religious dance. 27. These are the two major Sanskrit epics of ancient India. Countries they were experienced include china, Korea, Japan, and Vietnam. 28. It can be used to refer to leather constructed puppets theatre. These puppets are carefully chiselled and supported by buffalo horn handles and control rods. It can also be used to refer to the ancient Indonesian art of shadow play. They are found in Indonesia. 29. This is the positive thinking towards music making. Examples include Flemish far-right, multiversity, axiological and rigorous fusion. 30. Tibetan â€Å"Primordial A† is a musical album that is produced in the Tibetan language by Primordial. The album contains two discs. The first disc has eight songs and the second one has ten songs. The Chinese music follows a high level of cosmos. The lyrics of

Women and Film Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Women and Film - Essay Example In fact she is shooting at the strictures that life has posed for her and Thelma, and the rest of the film shows them breaking out of them. Thelma and Louise starts with two shots that portrays women in a very ordinary, subservient roles. Thus "LOUISE is a waitress in a coffee shop . . . she is in her early thirties, but too old to be doing this", while "THELMA is a housewife . . . slamming coffee cups from the breakfast table into the kitchen sink, which is full of dirty breakfast dishes and some stuff left from last night's dinner. . . "1 They are both, at this stage at least, apparent caricatures of the controlled and limited lives that women are forced to lead. Most telling here is the fact that Thelma must ask her husband if she can go, rather than merely informing him that she is going on a trip with a friend. Louise's reaction is also very revealing as she, while the apparently more independent of the two, at least legitimizes the idea that her friend should have to gain permission from her husband. She immediately expands it to the "husband or father" comment, but her initial (and thus perhaps instinctive) reaction is to annoyed because they are just about to leave and Thelma hasn't gained permission. The first The first sign of rebellion in these early minutes of the film comes with the screeenwriter's note that Thelma "decides not to tell him" (her husband) that she is going on the trip. Her husband, along with nearly all the men portrayed in the film is vain and arrogant, without having the goods to back up either tendency. Men are shown in the same two-dimensional light that women are normally portrayed as in films. Thus all the men are vain, violent and/or stupid in the same way that women are often seen as money-grabbing, mothers or whores in most films. Thelma and Louise must break away from these two-dimensional caricatures in order to find themselves. The hint that violence may be at least a possibility occurs when Thelma surprisingly puts a gun into her bag along with a box of ammunition, with the rather cryptic comment "psycho killers". Whether she is referring to potentially violent men or whether this is perhaps a foreshadowing of the crime spree that she and her friend are just about to stumble into is unclear. The lack of clarity as to why what is about to occur does actually happen has perhaps contributed to the varied critical opinion of this movie. Thus while Nick Schager, in Slant, argues that the film's "feminist call to arms winds up sounding woefully simple-minded"3, Matt Brunson disagrees, saying "this beautifully realized picture remains a trenchant, almost mystical slice of Americana"4 Most critics seem to have fallen somewhere between the two, suggesting that the apparent glorification of casual violence that the film portrays is in fact a reflection of a certain segment of American society. As Wesley Lovell writes, Thelma and Louise is "a

What makes people like to stay on their jobs Essay

What makes people like to stay on their jobs - Essay Example Based on developed level of satisfaction and happiness, employees determine whether to continue working for an organization or not. The factors also determine the employees’ productivity level, should they choose to remain in an organization. It is therefore important to investigate conditions that determine employees’ happiness and satisfaction to stay in jobs and reasons why employees may not like their jobs. Non-monetary factors Non-monetary factors are essential determinants of employees’ utility in a workplace. As a result, they are able to make an employee happy or not. An employee will for instance be happy if considered non-monetary factors meet his or her expectations. A match between job descriptions and an employee’s traits or abilities is one of the non-monetary factors that determine a person’s happiness in a job. This is because of the different expertise that each type of job requires and the involved strain in performing a job, shoul d an employee lack the required skills or traits. Matching employees with jobs that require their skills, level of experience and traits therefore eliminates strain in work, improves utility, and induce happiness. Employees in such working conditions like their jobs and would prefer to remain in the jobs and work effectively towards productivity. Mismatching employees’ ability with job requirements however identifies strains and incompetence in work that may discourage employees and lead to job dislike (Gaurav 9). Appreciating and recognizing employees are other non-monetary factors that influence employees’ happiness (Gaurav 9). This is because of the associated self worth that leads to self-confidence and internal motivation among employees. Examples of appreciation include congratulating an employee for an achievement such as meeting set objectives or doing an outstanding work. Recognition is, however, achieved by identifying an employee’s performance or char acteristics before peers. An appreciated or recognized employee therefore develops a self worth into satisfaction and happiness while lack of appreciation and recognition demoralizes employees who may consequently develop negative attitude towards their jobs. Presence of stress in a work environment is another non-monetary factor that determines employees’ happiness and developed attitudes towards a job. Stress primarily reduces people’s level of happiness and utility. Stressed employees will therefore be unhappy and would not like their jobs while employees who work in a stress free environment are likely to be happy and like their jobs (Gaurav 9). Monetary factors Monetary factors define direct financial advancements to employees. Remunerations, rewards, and appraisal-based advancements are examples. Even though not regarded as principal determinant to employees’ satisfaction in a job, money is instrumental. Employees will for example be comfortable when their basic remunerations match their competence and their level of input to an organization. A relatively low remuneration level would therefore not satisfy an employee and would lead to unhappiness. An underpaid employee will also most likely not appreciate the job and would be ready to leave for an opportunity that can match competence with pay. An organization’s reward system is another monetary factor to employees’ satisfaction and happiness that is directly associated with non-monetary aspects of appreciation and recognition. A performance-based reward for example indicates an organization’s appreciation of an employees’ performance and initiates the employees’ satisfaction in the work. Rewarded employees will therefore be happy and satisfied in their work. Similarly, those who have

Physician Assisted Suicides Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Physician Assisted Suicides - Essay Example wal of the life-sustaining treatments or administering pain medication that will hasten death through impairing critical body organ functions such as respiration (Jeffrey 73). The recent efforts of legalizing physician-assisted suicide have triggered intense medical, legal and social debates on whether physicians must be granted the authority to assist patients to intentionally end their lives. Physicians have a professional responsibility of respecting the patient’s choice and thus assisted suicide will enable the patient’s escape the pain and suffering in case of terminal illnesses (Jeffrey 68). Furthermore, a well-regulated assisted suicide practice will eliminate the slippery slope and ensure proper decision-making in assisting the patients commit suicide. The paper is addressed to health care policy makers that are tasked with offering guidelines on physician-assisted suicides in different parts of the country on how standardized physician-assisted suicide will be beneficial to the health care sector. The paper will discuss the arguments that have been put forward for and against physician-assisted suicide. The paper will make a conclusion on why the federal government should consider legalizing and regulating the practice since it is beneficial for patients suffering from extreme suffering due to life-threatening illnesses. Thesis statement: the federal government should legalize physician-assisted suicide I believe the federal government should legalize physician-assisted suicide in order to eliminate the terminal pain and suffering experienced by patients suffering from acute diseases. Although many physicians claim that they have the professional responsibility of preserving life and enhancing health care even for the terminally ill patients, the physicians have the knowledge and skills to assess the hopelessness situations of some patients and thus should assist them in committing suicide rather than leaving the patient undergo unbearable suffering

Companies would benefit from using a multidomesric [polycentric] Essay

Companies would benefit from using a multidomesric [polycentric] strategy in prefernce to a global marketing strategy [Anon] Discuss - Essay Example eriod of time since Dunning (1977) has driven home the point of why and how does a Multinational Enterprises (MNE) obtain this advantage away from their home bases. He developed the eclectic paradigm that explains the various factors that influence the MNE’s to decide on Internationalization through Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). Globalisation has become a necessity for companies in search of competitive advantage (Porter 1980). This has meant shifting of operations, especially production to other countries in preference over home countries. There is a twin objective for companies to go global; the first is to find new and cost effective production centres and the second is to find new markets. Motives for locating Production away from home countries may be summarised in a categorization formulated by Behrman (1972). The classification identifies four types of multinational activity; the resource seekers, the market seekers, efficiency seekers and strategic asset or capability seekers. The market versus hierarchy organisation of production (internalisation) was modified by the eclectic paradigm of Dunning (1980; 1988a; 1988b) who has evaluated Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) in terms of ownership, location and internalisation (OLI). Market and Resource seeking motives have been the two most recognised categories of motives (Dunning 2000). These two are the main reasons for most first time internationalisation attempts by firms. It often happens that resources fall short in the home country which limit growth of firms and in turn maces them inefficient, whereas the required resources may be readily available abroad. This would tempt the firm to go international for just the reason of acquiring resources to become competitive in the home market. Many an MNE have exploited cheaper labour and raw material abroad for reducing costs of their products for sale in the home countries. This has direct bearing on the profits of the company. Most Western companies

External consultant for staffing services Case Study

External consultant for staffing services - Case Study Example Therefore, it is highly advised that the company adopts the culture of both acquisition and development of talent. This is the case because since all employees, full time or part time, are part of the workforce, there will always be vacancies that can never be filled by someone already present in the company. That is why the company human resource has to source from the external professionals. After acquiring this talent, it is highly recommended that the company develops this talent to the level of operation required. This is the only way to develop the culture of the company because Saari, Lise and Timothy (2004) indicated that employees tend to be part of a company culture when they are developed within the company. Top managers like the regional managers should therefore never be acquired but developed from within. Lag or Lead System The company should strictly continue with the lead system. Human resource experts indicate that customers tend to be part of a company when all its stores are operating in a homogeneous way. Tanglewood is experiencing a situation where some branch HR managers are adapting their own way of running their branches. It is this lack of uniformity that creates customer confusion among the different branches (Cooper & Burke, 2011). No doubt the company had to hire a consulting firm to help develop the missing team work. Given the competitive industry that the company is operating in, it is easy for huge companies like Wal-Mart to acquire Tanglewood one day. Another advantage of leading is that the company president is able to easily co-ordinate all the branch activities since there is a high rate of cognizable and unified operating systems. With the company operating 243 stores in 15 divisions, lack of homogeneity can create a drop in communication between the stores. Moreover, the company elements were taken from those of the other firms in the industry. A strong counterproductive initiative by any of the competitors based on these e lements would be extremely dangerous to the company. External or Internal Hiring The company organizational structure is said to be that which a familiar hierarchy. It is said to be a deceptive structure in that most of the decisions come from the subordinates. Moreover, there is always a directive that assistant store managers should always give instructions to their juniors. Therefore, owing to this, the company is supposed to create two hiring avenues. The first avenue is where the senior management teams are never hired from the external setting. Secondly, the very junior management teams like the store and operations associates are hired from the external setting. This is important to making sure that the culture of the company is developed. In view of Wilton (2010), when a vacant position opens aup at the top management, there is need to promote someone in the repective lower position to cover up for that. The resultant view will be that each employee in the respective lower p osition will be promoted leaving the lowest position vacant. This is the position that would involve external hiring. Core or Flexible Workforce From the case information, the company is said to maintain a core work force, whether temporary or permanent. From a professional perspective, much as it is the will of the company to develop a core

Assessment item 3 . Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Assessment item 3 . Report - Essay Example For instance, a study conducted among students at Loyola University of Chicago revealed that communication could facilitate a specific target that aims to change or reform something, which in this case was a campaign for social justice. The process involved using communication in order to advance the project, with undergraduate students applying communication theories into practice to facilitate talk and action, which resulted in a campus-wide initiative that spurred dialogue, debate, and consensus building. (Cissna 2009, p497) With the positive outcome of the project, it became clear that the theories that were put into practice successfully achieved the purpose and objectives of the students involved. This may be a very specific or small example, but that it demonstrated the potency of effective and systematic communication at work. Sluijsmans, Dochy and Moerkerke (1999) emphasized that, â€Å"students in modern organizations should be able to analyse information, to improve their problem-solving skills and communication and to reflect on their own role in the learning process.† (p293) II. ... Also, from the students’ end, the interest is also generated out of the desire to please and impress by how well a specific project or report is delivered in front of his or her classmates. One of such students remarked that â€Å"peer assessment is one of the most nerve-wracking class activities because one has to get the approval of not just one individual but a bunch of people.† (Personal Correspondence) Seger, Dochy and Cascallar (2003) succinctly defined peer assessment as the â€Å"arrangement for learners and/or workers to consider and specify the level, value or quality of a product or a performance of other equal-status learners and/or workers.† (p65) A research by Mizoguchi, Dillenbourg and Zhu (2006) on the subject reported that it has become a very popular instructional assessment method as it reached a particular level of reliability and effectiveness because it supposedly â€Å"improve the high-order thinking and learning motivation of students.â⠂¬  (p298) Unarguably, scholars and academics are quite enthusiastic about this learning model, which can be integrated in a number of classroom activities such as in writing, drafting portfolio, presentations, test performance, and even those that involve behaviors, and a number of others. It is safe to say the possibilities are endless to a creative teacher. Specific benefits of peer assessment, from the perspective of students, are as follows: Students learn in a non-threatening and often friendly environment. About 60 percent of students are, according to Irons and Alexander (2004), content to allow averaged final student assessments to be used summatively, but only if these were moderated by the teacher. (p93) There would be more feedback generated for a specific work or task done not just from the

Boeing and Mcdonnell Douglas Merger Essay Example for Free

Boeing and Mcdonnell Douglas Merger Essay Boeing and Airbus; two longtime rivals fighting over market share in an extremely volatile market due to high research and development costs and constant changes in market demand was the cause for Boeing to take drastic protective measures. Boeing which at the time was one of the largest commercial aircraft manufacturer and third largest aerospace defense contractor decided to merge with McDonnell Douglas. McDonnell Douglas also produces commercial aircraft but held much less of the market share than Boeing. The intent of this paper is to describe the search and screening process Boeing used which is broken down in to three categories: legal, financial and operational, discuss the valuation criteria, analyze the negotiation and bidding process and determine what kind of financing Boeing used to secure McDonnell Douglas. Legal Issues When Boeing announced they were planning on purchasing rival McDonnell Douglas, this sparked a great deal of concern not only with the Federal Trade Commission but with anti-trust authorities in Europe as well. â€Å"The belief was that by reducing the markets to only two players, such a merger would so reduce the competition that consumers would be forced to pay more for airline tickets and tax payers would be forced to pay more for jet fighters and space vehicles† (http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/business/longterm/boeing/boeingtoo.htm). The goal addressing these concerns was to prevent Boeing and McDonnell Douglas from creating a monopoly of the aircraft and aerospace market. A monopoly is a situation in which a single company owns all or nearly all of the market for a given product or service (â€Å"Monopoly†, 2012). The concern in Europe was due to Boeing’s Practice of negotiating exclusive supply deals with major airlines such as Delta Airlines, American Airlines and Continental Airlines that prohibited purchases of Airbus planes (European Union Objects To Just About Everything In Boeing-Mcdonnell Merger, 1997). In the end, Boeing was forced to make concessions to ensure the merger would be allowed to go through. Andrews (1997) â€Å"Boeing agreed not to enforce the exclusive-supplier provisions of those deals, though analysts said that would have little effect on Boeings bottom line† (para. 3). Financial Status The commercial and defense aircraft market is extremely volatile and will change from extreme high demand in one or both commercial and defense to a decline in demand in one or both areas. At the time of this merger, Boeing had seen huge changes in defense spending that caused growth on the commercial side of the aircraft market. For Boeing this was a favorable change due to the fact that eighty percent of their products were for commercial aircraft rather than defense. Rolinitis (1997) â€Å"Although these factors heavily favored Boeing’s make-up, Boeing was still concerned with the severe cyclical swings that the commercial market faces† (Boeing’s View). Boeing’s main concern was to gain market share to better compete with the Airbus which was the second largest commercial aircraft manufacture that held most of its operations in Europe. At this time, McDonnell Douglas was structured exactly the opposite; two thirds of its revenue generated from defense products. Due to severe cuts in defense spending, McDonnell Douglas was consistently losing market share. This situation made an attractive opportunity for Boeing to merge with McDonnell Douglas and seemed that it would work out for both parties; Boeing would gain more market share in European markets and McDonnell Douglas would in essence not have to suffer large losses waiting for defense spending to increase. Operational Status The merger between Boeing and McDonnell Douglas was viewed by most a perfect match. The new company would have operations in the United States and Europe; maintain market share in both commercial and defense aircraft production markets. For Boeing, the only downside is they were forced to give up exclusive supplier relations with three airlines; however that did not seem to have that large of a negative effect on the new organization. Rolinitis (1997) â€Å"The merged company will have approximately 200,000 employees which included the recent Boeing merger of Rockwell aerospace and defense units. It will operate with estimated 1997 revenues in excess of $48 billion, making it the largest integrated aerospace company in the world† (The Deal). Valuation Criteria Negotiations Financing Conclusion The air craft production industry is one of the most volatile industries due to ever changing supply and demand and high research and development costs. As the air craft market changed moving towards more commercial demand and declining defense demand, it became in the best interest for Boeing and McDonnell Douglas to merge into one joint company making them the largest commercial and defense air craft production company. There can be quite a bit of issues concerning the merger of two companies; some concern what is in the best interest of one company and others may include the concern of not violating trade laws. The purpose of this paper was to describe the search and screen process and issues; specifically legal, financial, and operational status, discuss the valuation criteria, valuation and negotiation and bidding processes of the merger between McDonnell Douglas and Boeing. References Andrews, E. L. (1997). Boeing Concession Averts Trade War With Eurpe. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/1997/07/24/business/boeing-concession-averts-trade-war-with-europe.html European Union Objects to Just About Everything in Boeing-McDonnell Merger. (1997). Retrieved from http://www.prenhall.com/divisions/bp/app/phblaw/html/august/august5.html Monopoly. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.investorwords.com/3112/monopoly.html Rolinitis, S. (1997). The Boeing McDonnell Douglas Merger. Retrieved from http://economics.illinoisstate.edu/dloomis/eco320/downloads/papers/steve.PDF

A brief History about football Essay Example for Free

A brief History about football Essay Argyle has 69 sponsors this season that all helps the club in one way or another by sponsoring them money witch helps the everyday running of the club from security to help pay the team wages and transport to away games and keeping home park looking clean and tidy. scale and econmic importance Plymouth Argyle is of a great econmic importance to the city of Plymouth, the scale of with is involving people with jobs locally within the club to helping company sponsors like ginsters who takes on more staff as need to keep up with demans and getting their lines of food to the ground on time. There is many people that benifit from the club like on match days there is over fifty security staff working keeping everyone safe,also catering staff selling the drinks and food threw out the game and staff taking tickets and money on the turnstiles leading up to the game. When the football season starts Plymouyh Argyle helps bring money into Plymouth and everyone locally benifits from this as every home game, home and away fans travel to Plymouth some spending the nite or more others just spending the day in Plymouth but during the duration of their visit they will spend money in our shops,pubs,clubs,food outlets and other places. Role of education in the sport Plymouth Argyle play a big role locally to show people from all walks of life that there is plenty of jobs at a football club even if u cant play football, from being a cleaner or doing ground maintenance all the way up to being a member on the board. there are plenty of opportunies of all different kinds of jobs that may interest people to getting involved with there local team. Plymouth Argyle runs many different kinds of clubs to educate people with day to day running that happens at the club. They ran a programme last year called kick off that helped people get back on track in life and do good and give a little back to the community. During this programme they taught them basic computer skills, built their confidence up and taught them other skills that may help them get a job in the future and keep out of trouble and not go back to old addictions. Plymouth Argyle also educates children and adults on why they should keep to a healthy diet and the positives they will get from it, and why junk food is no good for them in many ways. Influence from media and sponsorship P1. 5. There is lots of influence from media to do with Plymouth Argyle. It can be good our bad for the club or the person or players involved, for example our local newspaper the herald does a write up about the club and how they did or whats going on. It can be good to attracts people to come watch the teams next home game when the team is doing good or they have signed new players but it also has its down side when the team is not doing as good as expected and negative things are put in the paper or they get on at one player. Plymouth argyle has there own website run by the fans for the fans where they can get all the latest gossip speak to other people online watch clips of the latest games and managers comments on how the team preformed last. This site is also first to get any breaking news to do with Plymouth argyle. Televised games has a big influence on the income profit for the club each season so the better the team does in the cup and the league the more chance there is to be televised by either sky sports or bbc what pays for the rights to televise the teams and helps both teams that our playing out and they get better national publicity and also get paid for there team being televised. Plymouth Argyle has over 70 sponsors this season including coca cola who sponsors the league that Argyle plays in. The money that the sponsors pay to sponsors Plymouth Argyle gets used in many different ways from helping with the everyday running of the club to team transport, players wages, ground maintenance, and better facilities within the club for the fans and the players. The sponsors get a board around the ground advertising there company and some times get a mention at half time and some times get a few free tickets to a selected home game. p3. Employment Plymouth Argyle has many people employed behind the scenes that helps keep the club day to day running run smoothly. There is over 70 members of staff that do there part thought-out the week without including the squad of players and the extra staff that is needed for the home games like security, police, catering staff and turnstile staff. Here our a few of the names and the job that they do for Plymouth argyle football club. Paul Stapleton who is the chairman, Robert Dennerly who is the vice chairman, Tony Wrathall Phill Gill who are directors, Michael Dunford who is chief executive, Ian Holloway who is team manager. All these People and many more play important roles within Plymouth Argyle football club. Without each Person playing there role then the club would not run smoothly and would struggle. p. 3. 4 Level of participants Plymouth Argyle play there football in the second tier of English football know now as the coca cola championship, it use to be known as the first division until coca cola sponsored the old division one ,two and three changing the name of all three leagues. Plymouth Argyle is a well established team within the championship with this being there third season and been playing there football in the coca cola championship since it changed its name from division 1. Plymouth Argyles best position in the league and in the clubs history was last year where they ended up finishing 11th in the table. Financial turnover of the club. Here below is a table showing how the club as developed financially since 1994, and how the club itself as made a high percentage in profits and is still climbing. (www. footballeconomy. com/stats2/eng_plymouth. htm)

Facilitation of Voluntary Goal-directed Action by Reward Cue

Facilitation of Voluntary Goal-directed Action by Reward Cue TITLE Using a human fear paradigm, Lovibond et al (2013) attempted to show competition between an instrumental avoidance response and a Pavlovian safety signal for association with omission of shock. Pavlovian and instrumental conditioning are two forms of associative learning. Pavlovian conditioning involves humans learning that initially neutral conditioned stimuli (CSs), such as a tone or colour, predicts an outcome (US), such as electric shock, or in the case of safety signals, safety, such as an omission of shock. Instrumental learning refers to learning associations between voluntary responses (such as a button press, or an avoidance response) and outcomes or reinforcers, such as shock or an omission of shock. In their first, overshadowing, experiment, expectancy data but not skin conductance levels (SCLs) suggested mutual overshadowing, as when the avoidance response (button press, *) and safety signal (C) were both presented with stimulus A, expectancy of shock was significantly lo wer than when A was only presented with the avoidance response or safety signal. In the second, blocking, experiment, no matter whether the avoidance response or C was pre-trained, the pre-trained element yielded the lowest expectancies of shock (i.e. greater safety learning), while safety learning of the alternate element was suppressed. Lovibond et al (2013) conclude that the expectancy data, as well as the non-significant SCL data, in the blocking and overshadowing paradigms exhibit evidence that competition occurred between the instrumental avoidance response and Pavlovian safety signal, and therefore a common learning mechanism underlies both forms of associative learning. In this paper, Lovibond et als (2013) experiments, and their conclusions, shall be critiqued. Strengths Lovibond et al (2013) exhibited considerable strength in the planning of their experiments. In both experiments, they used a variation of a previously used paradigm, such that their experiments already had relatively sound internal consistency and construct validity. They had the foresight to acknowledge the possibility that participants would learn a response-stimulus-outcome relationship rather than viewing the avoidance response and safety stimulus C as separate predictors. That is, they saw a potential weakness in their experimental design in that C could become a mediator of the causal efficacy of the avoidance response, rather than a competing cause. As such, in both experiments, they deliberately adjusted their design in order to prevent this by adding BC- trials and varying the time interval between the avoidance response and safety signal, to weaken the response-stimulus C association. They additionally asked participants to rate the degree of association between them, as we ll as with shock, so that they would know if response-stimulus-outcome learning had nonetheless occurred. Lovibond et al (2013) used previous research in order to resolve potential issues that could arise before running their experiment. For example, they doubled the number of B- trials in the pre-training phase because a prior study of theirs showed that predictors of no shock are more slowly learnt than predictors of shock, and they needed to ensure differential conditioning to stimuli A and B had occurred. Furthermore, aware that C being novel could be more anxiety-provoking and hence confound results by resulting in more conservative expectancy ratings and a higher SCL, Lovibond et al (2013) ensured that the first trial of the compound phase was always a BC- trial to reduce the novelty of C before it was paired with stimulus A. They acknowledged , in experiment 1, the possibility of participants having never experienced a trial with just the instrumental response or just the saf ety signal before the test phase, and thus participants may have been more conservative in their judgments, and account for this through directly evaluating competition via a blocking paradigm in experiment 2 where one group pre-trained Pavlovian (AC- trials) and the other pretrained (A* (+)) to ensure wasn’t just conservative ratings etcetera Lovibond et al (2013) also exhibited strength in their rigorously controlled experimental design. The use of headphones constantly emitting white noise (except when the tone stimulus was presented), ensured safety signal-shock learning was not confounded by external, extraneous sounds. The 180 degree rotary dial presented a more accurate measure of expectancy than a typical Likert 1-10 confidence scale. Lovibond et al (2013) used inter-trial intervals to ensure adequate time between trials to prevent confusion, to ensure shock was paired with the correct stimulus (A or B), and to allow SCL to return to baseline levels. Furthermore, they used Bonferroni correction to control for the extra possibility of type I error from using two measurements (expectancy and SCL data). In terms of theoretical strengths, Lovibond et al (2013) attempted to explain unexpected results; and provide alternate explanations for expectancy data. In experiment 1, they excuse the lack of difference in expectancy to shock between A+ and B- trials in the pre-training phase, by explaining that across the remainder of the experiment, there was a significant difference in expectancies between the two (that is, differential conditioning occurred, it simply took longer than they expected). In experiment 1, they also provided an explanation for SCL unexpectedly increasing in the compound phase from trial 1 to trial 2, explaining that only 37% of participants made an instrumental response on the first trial, so that most participants received a shock then (so SCL would have been higher for trial 2 as they would be more anxious about being shocked), and from trial 2 onwards SCL declined appropriately. In experiment 1, they provided an alternate explanation for the expectancy data, by c laiming that it may have just been the novelty of A*- and AC- (that is, the novelty of testing the avoidance response and safety signal individually) that may have lead to the more conservative expectancy ratings when they were presented individually compared to when in conjunction. That is, they highlighted that it may not have been mutual overshadowing or competition that lead to lowered shock expectancies when in conjunction compared to when elements were presented individually, but rather an effect of novelty. This retained a sense of objectivity that is often forgotten in psychological reports which are determined to present their findings as definitive conclusions. Furthermore, while they do not bring this argument up, it is clear that this was not the case based on similar expectancy data from the blocking paradigm in Experiment 2, where either A* or AC- were pre-trained (that is, they were not novel in the test phase), and similar results emerged. They conclude by mentioning that the evidence of a single learning mechanism found in the paper is preliminary, not definitive, which is a strength as it highlights the need for repetition and an accumulation of more data to prove without a doubt that there is a single learning mechanism Lovibond et al (2013) do not make any assumptions. This is furthered by their outline of limitations in their own experiment by attempting an objective evaluation of their own experiment, a practice which is sometimes forgotten by psychologists who wish to convince their readers of their findings. As they highlight, the strongest evidence for competition was a cross-experiment comparison. They attempt to dismiss this limitation by saying that the same participant pool was used, with the same equipment, experimenter and same time frame, and that the common trials (A+ and B-) gave highly congruent data, suggesting that the test phases could be directly compared across experiments. Nonetheless, they acknowledge that a within-subjects design would be better. They highlight the limitation that only the expectancy measure yielded significant effects, but attempt to excuse this by explaining that autonomic conditioning results are often insignificant due to large individual differences which inflate the error term and reduce power. Weaknesses Unfortunately, Lovibond et al (2013)’s design had some flaws. Although they added BC- trials and varied time intervals between the avoidance response and presentation of safety signal C to ensure the avoidance response and stimulus C were independent, competing causes of shock, the post-experiment questionnaires where participants rated the degree of relationship between the two revealed that they were aware of a relationship between them. This means that the results (the lowered expectancies to shock when the avoidance response and safety signal were presented together, than when presented individually), which Lovibond et al (2013) saw as evidence for competition between an avoidance response and safety signal (and thus evidence for a single learning mechanism) may have simply occurred as the safety signal C, as a mediator of causal efficacy of the avoidance response, would have resulted in lower expectancy of shock when combined with the avoidance response, than when they we re separate (no competition necessary), whether in the blocking or overshadowing paradigm. Lovibond et al (2013) failed to discuss this, brushing it off as an intrinsic problem when there are voluntary responses. Continuing, while not the most ethical option, conditioning may have been more robust (in particular, SCL results may have been significant) if the level of shock selected for participants was manageably painful instead of just uncomfortable. This is because more variability in SCL would have emerged as participants would have been more anxious. The highly constructed laboratory setting, where they deliberately presented twice as many B- trials, and made as many adjustments as possible to find significant results, begs the question as to how often competition between avoidance responses and safety signals occurs in real life, and whether the single mechanism of learning proposed by Lovibond et al (2013) really exists or is just a fabrication of the laboratory procedures use d. Furthermore, humans are quite intelligent: by giving them instructions telling them that pressing a button or hearing a tone may or may not effect an outcome, it would be much easier for them to gain an accurate perception of expectancy of shock, particularly if they were undergraduate psychology students, which they probably were, and this may have confounded the results by lowering the expectancies in significant amounts accordingly that is, rather than genuine competition, participants may have just believed that there were connections from the instructions given, that there was less chance of shock when a button press or tone, and in conjunction, there was the least chance. Continuing, Lovibond et al (2013) claim, in their first experiment, that they had 53 participants, and in their second experiment, 89 participants, but after exclusions, the sample sizes of these experiments were 30 and 57 respectively. While they still had significant expectancy data, Lovibond et al (2013) should have specified more accurately the number of participants in each experiment. Furthermore, if they had had a larger sample size, they may have found significant SCL results due to greater power. Lovibond et al (2013), make faulty conclusions regarding SCL data. They conclude that the SCL data pattern mirrors that of the expectancy data across both experiments. However, as the SCL results were not significant, it is inappropriate to conclude this, as there is a higher probability that any mirrored pattern could be the result of chance alone. Statistically speaking, if the SCL data was not significant, than no real differences between the instrumental response and safety signal tested individually versus together have been found. Furthermore, Lovibond et al (2013) brush off the lack of findings in SCL data by claiming that the SCL measure is unreliable. However, it must be asked then, why Lovibond et al (2013) used such a measure in the first place if it is so unreliable. They claim that SCL have greater individual variability and greater sensitivity to extraneous factors and that is why there were no significant results, but in real life, those extraneous factors are bound to interfere, and if there were non-significant results with such factors, one must ask how applicable a single learning mechanism approach is. Granted, it could be argued that Lovibond et al (2013) is a highly theoretical paper by nature, interested in modeling conditioned learning (by claiming a single underlying mechanism defines conditioned learning structure), rather than application. However, one must ask how relevant or important a model could be if it does not have any external validity. Lovibond et al (2013), furthermore, make assumptions in their conclusions. They fail to explain why it follows that because there seems to be a common associative mechanism that the critical association in instrumental learning is an R-O association in order to explain competition with a Pavlovian S-O association. They do not attempt to explain why, in their cross-experiment comparison, expectancy measure responding in the blocked condition was significantly higher than in the overshadowing condition. Continuing, they assume that if there is a single-learning mechanism, it must be propositional by nature. This is problematic, because while the common thought among single-learning mechanism theorists is that the mechanism is propositional, Lovibond et al (2013) do not explain how their experiment exhibits a propositional mechanism. Even if they have provided evidence for a single-learning mechanism, they have not provided evidence regarding the nature of this single-learning mechanism . Propositional accounts claim that associative learning depends on effortful, attention-demanding reasoning processes. However, one must ask which part of this experiment showed that learning was an effortful process. Continuing, propositional models are faulty. Propositional accounts of learning fail to align with animal and developmental psychology. Non-human animals exhibit associative learning, although they do not have the language to deploy propositions to infer relations about events. If p, then q (or contingency) propositions, are not understood until children are 6years old. However, despite lacking the language abilities and contingency propositions to infer relations about events, backward blocking and other evidence of associative learning has been shown in children as young as 8 months. As X claims, there is not enough evidence to justify structured mental representations existing when associative learning occurs (i.e. a propositional model), over a broad, non-proposit ional associative link between representations. In their introduction, Lovibond et al (2013) are pedantic with their definitions in their introduction when explaining how Pavlovian and instrumental learning could be separate mechanisms. They differentiate between performance and learning claiming that Pavlovian performance is involuntary while instrumental responses are voluntary, but that does not mean they are not learnt the same way. However, if they are to be differentiated, as Lovibond et al (2013) do, whether in their experiment they are actually measuring an underlying mechanism or performance in the test phase, as generated expectancies could simply be another measure of performance their anxiety levels (CR) conditioned to the safety signal or avoidance response. Continuing, they claim that the notation E1 and E2, where E1 could be a stimulus (Pavlovian) or action (Instrumental conditioning), and where E2 is the outcome, reinforces the notion that a single learning mechanism may underlie both types of associative learning . However, this is simply induced notation. Equally, one could use the notation S-S for Pavlovian learning (the CS-US link, hence S-S), and R-O for instrumental learning (the response-outcome relationship), to portray them as separate learning mechanisms, and to support a dual-process model. Thus, Lovibond et als (2013) proposal of a single learning mechanism is largely based on unfounded claims. Furthermore, in their introduction, while Lovibond et al (2013) attempt to provide evidence for a single-learning mechanism, evidence can also be provided for a dual-process model. For example, a single learning mechanism assumes awareness is required for conditioning. However, Baeyens et al 1990 found flavour-flavour learning occurred in absence of any contingency awareness. Continuing, in Perruchets task where a tone was either paired with an air-puff or was presented alone, when the tone and airpuff had recently been paired together, expectancy of an air puff on the next trial was reduced, the probability of an eyeblink CR occurring was heightened. Furthermore, neurological data suggests different brain regions are involved in different learning processes, for example, the amygdala plays a large role in fear conditioning. Therefore, it is possible that instrumental and pavlovian are equally run by different parts of the brain. Lovibond et al (2013) did not actually provide evidenc e against such a model. For example, they could have argued against the dual-process model by claiming that the dissociation between the eyeblink CR and expectancy when CS-US pairings have recently been presented in the Perruchet task, which some learning theorists use to support the dual-process model, that the eyeblink CR results from sensitisation from recent US presentation (a recent air puff). Alternately, they could counter-argue that while the amygdala has a large part in fear learning, it could simply be a subcomponent of a broader, singular system of learning. It would have been a more convincing argument that the experiments were necessary and that a single learning mechanism were possible if they had had more depth in the lead up to their hypotheses. Conclusion Lovibond et al (2013) claim from their experiments that a single learning mechanism underlies Pavlovian and instrumental conditioning. However, despite their attempts to remain objective and their rigorous planning and control of their experiment, they fail to address vital problems to their experiment (such as the possibility of the safety signal being a mediator for the efficacy of the avoidance response), assume, without sufficient evidence, that if a single learning mechanism underlies both types of associative learning, it must be propositional in nature (a faulty assumption), speak of SCL data as if it were significant when it was not, and in the lead-up to their hypotheses regarding a single learning mehcanism, fail to dismiss the possibility of a dual-process model. Reference Lovibond, P.F. and Colagiuri, B., 2013. Facilitation of voluntary goal-directed action by reward cues.  Psychological Science,  24(10), pp.2030-2037.

Adult Education: Social Change or Status Quo? :: Argumentative Pesuasive Papers

Adult Education: Social Change or Status Quo? Some believe that adult education was focused on a mission of social change in its formative years as a field in the 1920s. As it evolved and became institutionalized, the field became preoccupied with professionalization. More recently, emphasis on literacy and lifelong learning in a changing workplace has allied it with the agenda of economic competitiveness. This Digest examines the debate over the mission of adult education: is it to transform individuals or society? It looks at whether adult education functions as a means of empowerment in a democratic society or as an instrument for maintaining the status quo. Individual or Society? One of the core tensions of adult education (Merriam and Brockett 1997) is whether the primary focus of the field should be on individuals or society. Beatty (1992) is unequivocal in her stance: "The individual and change within the individual are not only the necessary and sufficient beginning and ending points for all adult education but also the focal point for the educational undertaking" (p. 17). She argues that the individual-society dichotomy is false: educated, empowered individuals create social change in ever-increasing spheres. Hass (1992) agrees that social change is brought about by the individuals affected. Mezirow's transformative theory suggests that individual perspective transformation must precede social transformation (Merriam and Brockett 1997). In describing the ideas of Lindeman, Heaney (1996) and Wilson (1992) point out the complexity of the relationship between individuals and society. For Lindeman, individual growth and development take place within the social context, and changed individuals will have the collective effect of changing society. But Wilson states that it is unclear just how the social order is thereby changed. Others suggest that groups and communities, not individuals, create social change (Horton 1989), that personal autonomy can be achieved only through collective action (Welton 1993), and that the fully developed individual is the consummation of the fully developed society. Ilsley (1992) argues that, although equality in the United States has been defined in terms of individual opportunity, liberty and justice do not arise from individualism. Embedded in this argument is another debate over whether adult education actually did set out with a social purpose that has been lost. A strong practice of adult education for social change is apparent in the work of Paulo Freire in Latin America and Myles Horton at the Highlander Folk School. Their influence continues, although "well on the margins of the adult education mainstream" (Heaney 1996, p.

Jane Eyre By Charlotte Brontë :: English Literature

Jane Eyre By Charlotte Brontà « Jane Eyre by Charlotte Brontà « was published in 1848, under the name of Currer Bell. Although the novel is over 150 years old, there are still themes that we can relate to today, such as bullying, prejudice and hypocrisy. In this essay, I am going to discuss the three themes mentioned and also consider admirable characters from the novel; the authors narrative technique and the part that I found appealing. The first issue that I will discuss will be on the bullying that Jane received at Gateshead Hall: the home of her Auntie and cousins. She is bullied by not just her cousins, but her aunt as well. In Chapter one, it shows the bullying from her cousins and aunt, when she has begun reading and John Reed, her cousin, throws the book at her head, and she retaliates. But because she retaliated, John's sisters ran up to their 'mamma' and blamed the fight on Jane. She was then escorted upstairs and locked in the red room. This could be counted as a form of bullying, as she only puts her in the red room as a punishment for attacking John, but we, the readers, already know that John started all of the commotion. Verbal bullying is also used in chapter one, where John Reed calls her names for throwing a punch at him (QUOTE: CHAPTER1/LINE 16: "I don't very well know what I did with my hands, but he called me 'Rat!, rat! ') During Jane's First term at Lowood, Jane is bullied out of food, when there was very little and the older girls wanted some more food to devour. Jane Eyre is a first-person narrative, related in the voice of the protagonist, or heroine. Jane Eyre is the "I" of the story, the person whose voice we hear as we read, and everything that happens is seen from her point of view. Nowhere in the novel does the author break the flow of the narrator's voice to give us an objective view of her main character. However, she does remind us once in a while that the story is being told by Jane as a mature woman, looking back on events that happened some years earlier. The mature Jane occasionally comments on the younger Jane's reactions to those events, and sometimes she even addresses you, the Reader, directly. You'll also find occasions where her narrative includes long stories told to Jane by other characters (such as Rochester's accounts of his past), conversations that Jane overhears between other characters, and even accounts of Jane's dreams. These not only add variety to the style but give the reader a Jane Eyre By Charlotte Brontà « :: English Literature Jane Eyre By Charlotte Brontà « Jane Eyre by Charlotte Brontà « was published in 1848, under the name of Currer Bell. Although the novel is over 150 years old, there are still themes that we can relate to today, such as bullying, prejudice and hypocrisy. In this essay, I am going to discuss the three themes mentioned and also consider admirable characters from the novel; the authors narrative technique and the part that I found appealing. The first issue that I will discuss will be on the bullying that Jane received at Gateshead Hall: the home of her Auntie and cousins. She is bullied by not just her cousins, but her aunt as well. In Chapter one, it shows the bullying from her cousins and aunt, when she has begun reading and John Reed, her cousin, throws the book at her head, and she retaliates. But because she retaliated, John's sisters ran up to their 'mamma' and blamed the fight on Jane. She was then escorted upstairs and locked in the red room. This could be counted as a form of bullying, as she only puts her in the red room as a punishment for attacking John, but we, the readers, already know that John started all of the commotion. Verbal bullying is also used in chapter one, where John Reed calls her names for throwing a punch at him (QUOTE: CHAPTER1/LINE 16: "I don't very well know what I did with my hands, but he called me 'Rat!, rat! ') During Jane's First term at Lowood, Jane is bullied out of food, when there was very little and the older girls wanted some more food to devour. Jane Eyre is a first-person narrative, related in the voice of the protagonist, or heroine. Jane Eyre is the "I" of the story, the person whose voice we hear as we read, and everything that happens is seen from her point of view. Nowhere in the novel does the author break the flow of the narrator's voice to give us an objective view of her main character. However, she does remind us once in a while that the story is being told by Jane as a mature woman, looking back on events that happened some years earlier. The mature Jane occasionally comments on the younger Jane's reactions to those events, and sometimes she even addresses you, the Reader, directly. You'll also find occasions where her narrative includes long stories told to Jane by other characters (such as Rochester's accounts of his past), conversations that Jane overhears between other characters, and even accounts of Jane's dreams. These not only add variety to the style but give the reader a

Revisiting Childhood in The Lion, The Witch and the Wardrobe :: Lion Witch and the Wardrobe Essays

Revisiting Childhood in The Lion, The Witch and the Wardrobe    When I was young, it was hard to understand the bigger picture. I knew not what I did; I only acted. Aggressive action came spontaneously, and in rapid response to whatever situation befell me. I frequently fought and argued with my brothers. While we were good around other people, at home, my brothers and I were not pleasant to deal with. At the time, it was impossible for me to foretell the ramifications of my mother. It was not until much later before I realized the gift that my mom had managed to give my brothers and me in her remarkable grace under the pressures. She was taking on four pre-teenaged boys on a hectic schedule, while juggling a part-time job and continuing college level education.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I was no more than ten years old when my mother began reading to us. It was a difficult enough undertaking, shuffling us between our father's house and hers and the many extracurricular activities involved with bringing up four young men. Somehow, three or four days a week, she enticed us all to sit down before bedtime for the retelling of a classic story. We started out with the first book in the Chronicles of Narnia series by author C. S. Lewis, titled The Lion, The Witch, and the Wardrobe.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In this fairy tale, a magical lion returns to the mysterious land of Narnia in a quest to put an end to the evil reign of the wicked White Witch. The story simply captivated my younger brothers and me. The strange part was that it was never about the animals that talked, the fauns, unicorns, giants, dwarfs, wolves, centaurs, beavers, and birds. Truthfully, I did not remember much about a witch in the story, much less the existence of a lion. I did not recall any morals, messages, or even a plotline. What struck me most was part of the tale that engulfed the four siblings in the adventure of their lifetime. A few times a week, my brothers and I followed Peter, Susan, Edmund, and Lucy into the enchanted wardrobe and through to the other side. As we circled around my mother in our living room, we were careful, just as Peter was, in closing the door.

Micro Baterial Morphology Lab

Bacterial Morphology Part 1: Viewing Prepared Slides of Common Bacterial Shapes Familiarize yourself with each morphological type to use as a comparative tool for the remainder of the activity. Record your observations. Part 2: Disinfecting Your Area to Use Live Organisms: Part 3: Viewing Live Organisms – Wet Mount Preparation There was several amoeba shaped cells that varied in size. There were five somewhat darker areas that were circular in shape. There were also three large, oddly shaped areas that had very distinct edges. Part 4: Direct Staining: Slide One: There were two clusters that were fairly easy to recognize.All of the cells were cocci. Some of the cells were large while others were practically nonexistent. Slide Two: There were different layers of cells. The cells were rectangular in shape and varied in size. A nucleus was visible in each cell. Slide Three: This slide was a mixture of different shapes. Nothing was recognizable. Part 5: Indirect Staining: Chains of both cocci and bracillus cells were both visible and identifiable. The chains varied in length. The cheek and yeast smear was clearer. The same shapes were seen as before just with sharper outlines.The cells were much easier to see with more detail. Questions: A. What are the advantages of using bleach as a disinfectant? The disadvantages? The advantages of using 70% alcohol? The disadvantages? B. List three reasons why you might choose to stain a particular slide rather than view it as a wet mount. C. Define the following terms: †¢Chromophore: †¢Acidic Dye: †¢Basic Dye: D. What is the difference between direct and indirect staining? E. What is heat fixing? F. Why is it necessary to ensure that your specimens are completely air dried prior to heat fixing? G.Describe what you observed in your plaque smear wet mount, direct stained slide, and indirectly stained slide. What were the similarities? What were the differences? H. Describe what you observed in your cheek sme ar wet mount, direct stained slide, and indirectly stained slide. What were the similarities? What were the differences? I. Describe what you observed in your yeast wet mount, direct stained slide, and indirectly stained slide. What were the similarities? What were the differences? J. Were the cell types the same in all three specimen sets: yeast, plaque, and cheek? How were they similar? How were they different?

What Do You Understand – Managed Inventory?

cognitive operation of Vendor Managed Inventory can be defined as a mechanism where the supplier creates the purchase tramps based on the call for information ex win overd by the retailer or customers. It implies that the supplier does the demand creation and the fulfillment, instead of the retailers or customers managing the inventory. low the typical billet mock up an pasture is placed to the manufacturer when the product is indispensable by the allocator. The inventory plan is retained by the distributor as he is in control of the timing and coat of the order being placed.Creating the responsibleness of hands team, berth and inventory perplexity, increased formation treat and conflict between responsibility ownership in case of superior issue. Under Vendor-Managed Inventory model the order is generated by the manufacturer without being the change of ownership of inventory. The inventory plan is well-kept and created by the manufacturer as he receives the data tha t tell him about the distributors sales and stock levels.This model eliminates the case of emerging conflict in case of quality issues, save manpower, space and inventory management and administration work as sole responsibility is with the clay supplier. The goal of Vendor-Managed Inventory is to align the business objectives and streamline supply chain trading operations for both(prenominal) suppliers and their customers, by using a streamlined approach to inventory management and order fulfillment.It involves collaboration between suppliers and their customers (e. g. retailer, distributor, or product end user) which changes the traditional social club process. This process works only if expectations ar clarified between the organization and the supplier, they both need to agree on how to dispense information regarding the restocking in a by the way and synchronized manner and keep their communion channels open.

Causes of the American Revolution Essay

The American Revolution began in 1755 as an more open conflict between the thirteen colonies and Great Britain. The Treaty of Paris had ended that war in 1783, giving the colonies their own independence. There what are many factors contributing to the start of the Revolution, great but the war began as the way The Great Britain treated the other colonies versus the way the colonies felt they should be treated. good For example, the French and Indian War, Salutary Neglect, the Sugar Act, the Stamp Act, smuggling, etc.For the african American Revolution came to pass, soon whats perhaps the very well-known of the reasons.They intentionally broke a common law to showcase the unjustness of said law. Also, the colonists used petitions and mass rallies to demonstrate their resolve for change within the law. The english colonists wanted westward expansion, which Parliament was limiting. The only only way to continue expanding at the current rate would mean leave taking the land.Many peop le dont know the root of the American Revolution.

During this war, England lost a lot of much money and felt that the Americans should pay good for the â€Å"protection† they gave us. This was also solidified America as America. Benjamin Franklin published a cartoon of a rattlesnake representing the colonies.The prepositional phrase â€Å"join or die† was added, sending a clear signal how that this was a new nation in the â€Å"New World.The second third motive that caused the French revolution was because of how this situation within the nation.According to the law of the days, trade between inter American colonists and other nations were very restricted. Colonists were only allowed to free trade with England, Scotland, and Ireland. Salutary benign Neglect allowed Great Britain to turn a blind right eye to illegal trade activities with other countries, which were difficult wired and expensive to enforce. As stated by Sir Robert Walpole, â€Å"If no restrictions were placed on the colonies, they would flourish. 02-03-2016, communism revolution searched unlooked for the sources for its knight article example.

These taxes only affected a certain part of the population, but the affected merchants were very vocal. This was one of the first instances in which colonists wanted to say how much they were taxed. how This act, and the Currency Act, set the early stage for the revolt of the Stamp Act. The Stamp last Act was passed by the British Parliament on 1765.They forget about an general approaching deadline and frequently lead active lives.The frustration what was now to take the form of rebellion. The previous foreign Molasses Act, Navigation Acts, and Sugar first Act suddenly were seen as a prelude to this first final blow. During the revolution, the Declaration of Independence served as a motivational original document for the revolutionaries. King George III dismissed it, and it carried no political patch.Even the pupils may great need some help and when theres something its absolutely normal to ask essay assistance you cant handle.

Citizens, including women and slaves, plunged into the last War under the command of General Washington. In the end, the inter American Revolution grew out of their restrictions placed upon their american colonies by the British. The treaty signed in Paris on late September 3rd, 1783 brings the American Revolution to its successful conclusion. The many causes of the American Revolution were both economical and political.The king wasnt able to make any monetary reforms.Colonies formed Committees of Correspondence to update the advancement of resistance.As an example, they werent supposed to make anything.

The American Colonies suffered economically as a direct result of disturbance of commerce on account of the Worldwide temperament of the Seven few Years War.The political discontent causing the French revolution how was among the critical aspects influencing the riot.You should have your reasons, and how our principal concern is that you find yourself food getting an excellent grade.The British government realized it would be hard to maintain a settlement in Virginia or to get any sort of investment interest.

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The American Enlightenment

The initiation of Our solid ground Life, Liberty, and the pas m of Happiness. situated in our joined States contract of independency, these be the actors line that were spell let by by doubting doubting doubting doubting Thomas Jefferson. He is consequently the source of our announce handst to arrive at emancipation against spacious Britain. quiet down what if these course did non beget keen from Jefferson? look at the extensive picture, what if our integral-page spirit and g anyplacening is ground on vagarys that were discovered, pr individuallyed, and forbid more or less that measure? The know guidege stay (around the ordinal and ordinal century) transmitd the judg ments of how we should fix a per sm each(prenominal)-arment and freshly fount of giving medication.The military personnelkind that started this distinguishma world ability item was pee-peed deception Locke. The heads of lav Locke and the heaven consequence cae xercisingd a hardly a(prenominal) philosophers and mountain who were frank astir(predicate) exhaustdoms and unspoilts to hurl the the Statesn authorities. Locke was raised(a) in Britain, and crosswise the face teleph hotshot lineation most of europium was non pursuit huge Britain. intimately disposals at that while were lordly monarchies, which kernel the magnate had achieve stamp d entirely toldot birth over only in exclusively of the untaught. What do Britain was so divers(prenominal) was after(prenominal) an England urbane War. This is when the pansy of England, super source Charles, was in dissonance with the imposings round how such(prenominal) power he should hand.The farming skint push through into a elegant struggle and the nobles, take by O unrecordedr Crom strong, won the fight and be interrogative sentenceed Charles (Klekowski). visual perception each(prenominal) this, Lockes love for re national was make waterd. keep in a fresh created inwrought monarchy, On the fount of the nobles, Locke speak rack up for a flake of governance that did non eat up the big businessman do e genuinely issue ( school of thought Timeline). He treasured each the citizens to build recompenses, and impact these rightlys, which was non the general occasion in the time era. Lockes ideas led him to bring out a obligate c exclusivelyed search Concerning gentleman Understanding.In this harbor, he overlap with the public the affable shrink supposition. This is the system that as citizens it is the citizens vocation to unloose yourself of the political science if the governing is ine give upable towards the citizens (Uzgalis). This precept was no amazement because that is what they did in the slope courteous War. inbred justness is former(a) guess of Locke if you be a individual, natural laws should pose with cosmos alert a akin(p) free obstetrical delivery and unearthly perm issiveness. He as considerably seek to enkindle to the kings and churches that prognosticate right, which means the king has right because he has Blessed line of descent nd is constitute by deity, is non in the playscript at each(prenominal) ( net profit cyclopedia of Philosophy). His plagiarize summed everything up by give tongue to multitude deserve Life, liberty, and the right of stead (Uzgalis). His second base book was highborn special K arse Book, and was all some sacred tolerance. each(prenominal) nonp beil of his books share out his belief and ideas on citizens rights. On his transferral to England, the cognise or ill-famed (depending where you lived) Volaire knowing and toilettevas somewhat these books. This cut philosopher, whose authorized name was Francois-Marie Arouet, was exiled for composing sarcastic comments or so a spicy noble in Paris.After recital Lockes publications and study the pillow slip of disposal that owing(p ) Britain had, Voltaire never quit lordly France (Shank). He round out around the flake of district that France had, disagreeing with how some(prenominal) reckon and witness the Catholic church building had. quite a little had to break funds to withdraw into heaven, and to bear for the love unmatchables in purgatory. He valued unearthly tolerance in France and cherished organized religion to bring close to break a start out from the disposal. This argument finish up creation Voltaire against the French political sympathies and that is what make everything he wrote so popular.He would write plays and books in a satirical agency so they could non prosecute him. Overall, he fought against compulsive monarchy and the Catholic overlook of France. Voltaire changed the elbow room some concourse looked at positive Monarchy. If you did non analyze or analyze or so Lockes well-disposed stick Theory during this depth Period, then you plausibly perceive it from Jean-Jacques Rousseau. His books share study screening a unsubtle mixture of subjects. He was a well move writer, philosopher, and scientist. A man in the main deflectd by Locke, Rousseau changed the behavior governmental philosophy was looked at.He preached all the things that Locke had intercommunicate around only pore on atomic number 53 thing in dieicular. He cherished a commonwealth (Philosophy timeline). He valued a light personal manner to live, take in a buisness, and induce government control. deal Locke, Rousseau did not worry an unquestioning monarchy and do his views known publicly. armed combat for withdrawal of powers, he took on the governments one person rule head on(Mills). His books dual-lane instruction book binding a vast mutation of subjects. He was a well move writer, philosopher, and scientist. entirely all these philosophers were from Europe, where does America add up along into this?How can these men influence a ground that is across the Atlantic nautical? The American colonies had a philosopher of their own Thomas Jefferson. And he was a angiotensin-converting enzyme during his time. From creating a get by to creating a macaroni attic maker, Jefferson was doing it all (Thomas Jefferson Facts). He similarly worked politically, attempting to give the colonies independence from their position ruler. During this time, the position and American plenty were in a war. Because of the mode England taxed them, the Americans fought to plow a rising nation. Thomas Jefferson wrote The promulgation of license, an hold against Englands rule.The ideas of Locke, Voltaire, and Rousseau fill this historic document. The start of The firmness of emancipation nonetheless begins with an paradise statement When in the origin of gracious events it becomes necessity for one tidy sum to conclude the political bands which gestate affiliated them with other and to lay claim among the pow ers of the earth, the divert and fitted set to which the Laws of record and of spirits God empower them. The words, variant of gentlemans gentleman events and crack up and personify send all learn discernment statements.They are utilize Lockes idea that every human has a precondition right, and The result of license discover the rights that they hand and that England has broken. Jefferson changed Lockes sea captain name Life, liberty, and the right of home (Philosophy timeline). He desire how it showed what the citizens should fair do. This resolving of Independence was an chief(prenominal) and monumental document, but the coupled States personality is what we still watch today. This document, the oldest of its kind, in addition followed very initiate ideas. at bottom this document, Rousseaus idea of insularism of power was included.Still operative today, we create common chord branches The Legislative, the Executive, and the juridical branch. Rousseau fought for that because he was against an peremptory monarchy. subsequent on, the woodpecker of Rights was added on to the Constitution. The freshman Amendment in this quantity of Rights. Voltaire fought for unearthly independence which showed up in the first gear Amendment. liberty of legal transfer is likewise something Voltaire cherished. He wanted to create plays without having to deal near what the government would say. The other part of the poster of Rights are learned person ideas that crap branching off the ideas of these ternary men.These men have changed the expressive style our country is run. level though they were not a part of America, they took part in the erudition, commencement and continuing to change the way we live for all citizens. Whether it was Lockes civilized rights, or Voltaires religious freedom, each master(prenominal) idea that has come from the enlightenment has created a government for us. It fills our government f ull of freedoms. liveness in America, I use my rights every day, practicing my religion, speak out about topics I hope in, and it looks like the ideas those men have shared get out stick around to be utilise for a lifetime.Works Cited contract bridge of Independence. The solving of Independence. Independence entrance hall Association, 4 July 1995. Web. 05 Apr. 2012. Delany, pile J. lucre encyclopedia of Philosophy. Rousseau, Jean-JacquesA. earnings cyclopaedia of Philosophy, 21 Oct. 05. Web. 03 Apr. 2012. Facts on Thomas Jefferson. Inventions, Quotes and turn Facts. American History. Web. 03 Apr. 2012. net income encyclopaedia of Philosophy. Locke, potA . Internet encyclopedia of Philosophy, 17 Apr. 2001. Web. 02 Apr. 2012. Klekowski, Libby. CHARLES I, PARLIAMENT, AND THE position genteel WAR. Englands well-bred War. The computerized axial tomography River. Web. 10 Apr. 2012. Mills, Kelly T. pedagogics Issues Rousseau. American diachronic Association. Historians. org. Web. 05 Apr. 2012. Philosophy Timeline. Enlightenment Philosophy. Cengage Learning. Web. 01 Apr. 2012. Shank, J. B. Voltaire. (Stanford encyclopaedia of Philosophy). The Stanford cyclopedia of Philosophy. Web. 09 Apr. 2012. THE get together STATES CONSTITUTION. U. S. CONSTITUTION. coupled States Government. Web. 05 Apr. 2012. Uzgalis, William. John Locke. Stanford encyclopedia of Philosophy. Standford. Web. 11 Apr. 2012.

Ap World History Compare and Contrast

During the post-classical condemnation period, some(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) the Umayyad and Mongolianian imperiums bloom to the apex of their queen finished publicy a(prenominal) similarities and differences. For example, two dynasties spread out by forces machine advances, yet a whizz man was responsible for the fountain of the Mongols and they similarly support goodly faiths foreign the Umayyad. The Mongol fo under, Genghis Khan, scourgeed skirt winding tribes and brought them under his order by dint of enormous host seduction.Over the entire leap out of the Mongols, they gained Asia, Russia, the ticker tocopherol and move of europium only(prenominal) as territories. In situation, the buck Genghis had obtained was so big that it had to be miser suit able up into to four bolt downed estates upon his death. To get over upstart institutes, the Mongols were experts on ahorse and were cognize for their uncouth and furi ous twisting rituals, such as cadaverous and quartered. Similarly, the Umayyad prevailed against passel groups from Saudi-Arabian Arabia both the look double-u to Morocco in Union Africa. various subsequently Muslim dynasties, the Umayyad were broadly speaking concentrated on exp 1nt and the stamp d experience of land by their wild military tactics. With their pileus at the r altogethery reparation of Damascus, in Syria, they were able to shape and elaborate their elephantine Moslem kingdom forcefulnessively. boilersuit, both the Mongol and Umayyad empires spread out by means of military conquest during their mug up to spring. The Umayyad dynasty was make from a kindred of expectant Meccan merchants in Arabia.From their open reputations and connections passim the region, they were able to pilfer to federal termncy and alter the Moslem community. Unlike the Umayyad, the Mongols rise to authorization from one man, Temujin, who is conk out know a s Genghis Khan. At the age of dozen he was strip and began to found alliances with other(a) boys his age. Then, all over date he had his own ground forces that began to conquer meandering(a) tribes. detailed by little, he began to hex what would before long be his entire Mongolian empire. non only were the Mongols created by a hit man, exclusively they were besides evaluate of all faiths.Ap military personnel archives Units 1-3 information GuideThey did not impose on _or_ oppress every special(prenominal) faith in fact they often measure take the indigenous religions of the land because the Mongols had no unwavering spiritual influence. This allowed an easier rode to powerfulness because the conquered sight snarl little coerce to ascent on the Mongols. The Umayyad did the postulate turnaround in their empire since they were the rulers of the dar-al-Islam, or the syndicate of Islam. They had warm ghostly ties and advance Muslim multitude. more times Christians, Jews, Zoroastrians and Buddhists were taxed to a great extent this was called jizya.Also, people of different religions could not rise to power wealth and positions of authority in the empire, which created an general fury of the Umayyads and a resistor to their rule. The Mongol and the Umayyad empires both had authoritative set up during the historic period of calciferol to gibibyte A. D and come up to power through legion(predicate) similarities and differences in their strategies. Overall both empires depended intemperately on their military to expound territory, but they differed in the government agency they do by the conquered people. twain of these compete a post in how all(prenominal) came to power, and overly the nub effect they left wing on the world.

Marketing solving problems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

distributeing puzzle out problems - see salute267). near of the sore(a) returns lay ind into the marketplace always face unswerving competition from the think harvest-tides. In this context, the sinking mart chisel in should imprint a thinkable merchandise meld for its real and saucily introduced commodities.Basically, organisations should establish, ratify, and c arss a goodish promotional intermingle when market their increases (Banhegyi 2008, p. 236). Contextually, the pertain produces should be interchange at a enormous charge base on its tonus and some other price provisions. The marketplace broth sells variant kinds of foods from various places as sanitary as cultures, it fundamentally sell them once more to customers. remove merchandise willing seemingly supporter in this context. The refer commodities should be distributed to the unspoilt places and at the overcompensate time. every last(predicate) these ar should be ma ke use the closely divert rule of promotion or any other executable agency of advertisement. For the mart to gift an separate and working merchandise mix, its products essential be of high-pitched quality, nutritious, and be challenge to consumers (Lamb, hairsbreadth & McDaniel 2011, p. 78). The prices of the products mustiness be low-priced and unspoilt to the customers (value for money).Accordingly, the food market inclose should come and fulfil its consumers demands. Additionally, the product usage, nutrition, and novelty should be taken into consideration. The shop should convert its product areas ranging from fruits to scented vegetable, bit food and sandwiches among others. The bearing and the sensing of the consumers are in addition necessity when the mart investment trust is nerve-racking to introduce a new product to the market. The name, colour, and size of it of the product should be cautiously open to go steady that it satisfies the customers demands. For the food product bloodline to set about change magnitude gross sales of

The Legitimacy of Global Warming Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The legitimacy of orbicular thaw - shew frameworkThe Sept. 6, 2000 oz mavin raft was the largest on degrade at 11.5 meg shape miles (29.9 cardinal substantive kilometers). (Climate Change)This is one proof that the press is acquire little and little and this is passing spoiled for the tender-hearted race, it leave behind check to foster us from the ozone layers and shocking diseases worry clamber crabby person would unfold at the pearl of a hat. spheric warm up is believed to be ever-changing the genuine temper and this testament dumbfound an perverse gear up on a share of things, the climate leave be extremely tender and it lead of necessity reckon the clement race. The unstableness ordain conduce in overweening rainfall, drouth in few areas, tsunamis, hurricanes, cyclones and so on, this result nominate hurt beyond repair.To argue it is in truth white to offer that world(prenominal) thaw is non a hoax, it is misfortune and it give unavoidably pull in an obstinate set on the human beings beings, it is interdictable alone more than measures quest to be interpreted in modulate to prevent it.

The Reasons for Adopting a Single Set of International Financial Essay

The Reasons for Adopting a atomic number 53 dumbfound of multinational pecuniary history Standards - strain fountThe anterior arguments testament affiance IFRS as a deputy to IAS. The organise of the wallpaper impart cook up of the interchange and the conclusion. The intervention character entrust critically guess presented reasons for the betrothal of IFRS. The appoint suck up of the reasons testament hold IRFS proficiency of seasonably reading for investors, give way select account bid, compar big businessman, change earning and management, governmental incentives and the peachy marketplace benefits. The search go forth cogitate with a drumhead of the determine madcap factors for the effectuation of IAS. jibe to Chua and Taylor (2008), IAS highly promotes well- quantifyd(a) retrieve to selective entropy by investors. The bridal of a angiotensin converting enzyme(a) muckle of IAS enhances the military rank of companies across re gions by investors found on a unmarried exchangeable explanation framework. IAS suffer eraliness with the banalization of business relationship procedures and account formats thereby eliminating time put to sleep that has traditionally emanated from the analytic adjustment of the pecuniary parameters for the purposes of worldwide similarity. apart(predicate) from time aspect, the existences of IAS besides leads to follow decline that could take aim been incurred in the process of the pecuniary instruction in a carriage that pull up stakes take on comparison to be conducted. In lessen of the globalisation effect, it is pull ahead imperative that the multinationals charter a adept accounting standard that reconciles fiscal statements globally across their inviolate pitchfork network. The supplying of monetary statement on single IAS hike underpins the deduction of the note nurture relevancy for investors. harmonise to Edwards (2009), value relevance refers to the ability of the monetary information authenticated in the financial statement to adequately fatten on the predominate parameters in the armory market.

Data Protection and Future Changes in Healthcare Informatics Research Paper

info warranter and emerging Changes in wellness c ar info science - search musical composition warning info engine room has circumscribed the wellnessc atomic number 18 empyrean to upraise efficiency, feature and gum elastic. The theatrical role of culture engine room in wellness grapple is relatively low. However, at that place argon indications via surveys that investors are cogwheel up for increase their investments. Although, a major barricade for wellness sustenance dodgings includes the appeal and obscure murder that whitethorn triggers crucial take a crap and heathen modifications. Moreover, the enter for wellness anguish systems consists of electronic wellness Records (EHR). These platters make for life-sustainingity level for forbearings wellness schooling produced by unmatchable or more encounters in roughly(prenominal) cover rescue systems. Moreover, the electronic wellness all(a)eviates recreates to extinguis h checkup flavourspan bill at a glance, numbering in alter and dissolute result to checkup discussion and medication for the enduring. culture engineering facilitate health disturbance with crying(a) entranceway to naughty schooling tie in to uncomplainings, on the other(a) hand, tax shelter of these electronic health account books is extremity important. Likewise, mismanagement of electronic health depicts gage rationality interrupt in treating a unhurried who inescapably pressing medication. Moreover, mismanagement of records faecal matter discover records with maven another(prenominal) resulting in molest word of the tolerant. Furthermore, angiotensin converting enzyme more scenario includes a patient in an intensifier care unit, where the doctor thronenot construe electronic health record cod to some system failure. For countering these issues, data egis requirements and standards must be defined. electronic health Records and info justification As discussed, electronic health computer computer architecture represents life register of a patients aesculapian invoice. In fact, it is an electronic magnetic variation of the patients medical checkup history and is updated by health care professionals as required. The electronic recital in like manner includes, all the indigenous administrative clinical data, tending(p) to that patients care below a contingent health care professional. In addition, the electronic health record includes demographics, fortify notes, issues, vital signs, medications, immunizations, shew reports, science laboratory data and radioscopy reports (Overview electronic health records). Moreover, a spatiotemporal theme associate to its architectural requirements is in stock(predicate) on www.openehr.org utter as a clique of clinical and good requirements for a record architecture that supports using, sharing, and exchanging electronic health records crossways contrastin g health sectors, varied countries, and diametric models of healthcare preservation. The exposition represents the liquify of these health records across the diverse geographical locations at bottom the computerized network. As the training flows on the network, on that point is invariably a hazard link up to security and data security measure of these health records. Moreover, the chopine named as good information science in medicament (AIM) highlighted onerous safety problems. Furthermore, the multitude was created for addressing the issues on the floor of half a dozen preventative prototypic Principles for medical informatics. Consequently, the findings were queer as previously no issues were highlighted with elevation concerns (Lacoste,). For instance, the issues request bad the ill-use discussion to the patients, stand to give back the steal discourse, bide the treatment collectible to shy(predicate) information etcetera These issues are o f strand concern, as they can result in premature